-Patients usually have a history of hypertension, diabetes or hypercholesterolemia; danger of cerebral vascular accident (CVA) in addition to ocular sequelae.
-patients must be referred to the emergency room to rule out emboli actively being thrown from the carotid artery, cardiac valves or aortic arch.
-If a patient with these symptoms is 56 or older, one must consider giant cell arteritis (GCA)
-Other conditions, such as antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and systemic lupus erythematous, may also result in arteriole occlusion
-A central artery occlusion of less than 24 hours might be aided by intervention, including lowering IOP, performing ocular massage and attempting vasodilation by increasing carbon dioxide levels in the blood (this is accomplished by having the patient breathe into a paper bag).
-r/o weakness, numbness, headache or speech difficulty
-lab w/u:
- emergent complete blood count (CBC) with differential
- prothrombin time (PT)
- partial thromboplastin time (PTT) tests
- platelets
- carotid duplex
- echocardiogram
-educate to report immediately to the ER if any non-recovering vision loss or peripheral weakness or numbness
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